01:460:102Introductory Geology II: Historical (3) Principles and concepts of plate tectonics and reconstructing past geography and environments; history of Earth's climate, environments, biogeochemical cycles, and life through time. Pre- or corequisite: 01:460:101. Designed for majors and minors. Credit not given for this course and 01:460:212.

01:460:103Introductory Geology Laboratory (1) Development of geologic concepts and principles through experiments and field observations. Field trip fee may be required. Pre- or corequisite: 01:460:101.

01:460:105Honors Introductory Geology Laboratory (2) Fundamentals of physical geology. Field observations and measurements of geologic processes and outcrops. Lab. 6 hrs. Pre- or corequisite: 01:460:101.

01:460:120Introduction to Oceanography Ongoing discoveries and developing knowledge including plate tectonics, the properties and motion of the ocean (waves, tides, and currents), ocean resources (food, energy, minerals), and related marine environmental issues that are changing our understanding of the way our planet works and that impact our lives. Credit not given for this course and 01:460:209.

01:460:201Earthquakes and Volcanoes (3) Plate tectonics and the origin of earthquakes and volcanoes: causes, mechanisms, consequences, and effect on humans.

01:460:202Environmental Geology (3) Analyses of issues and case studies related to cleaning up the environment, finding and using resources, predicting and mitigating natural disasters, and understanding global change.

01:460:204The Water Planet (3) Characteristics of water: hydrologic cycle; runoff and erosion; river systems; past and present climates. Environmental impact; resources of water; political and economic aspects of water.

01:460:205Evolution and Geologic Time (3) Major events in the evolution of life on earth; evolutionary pattern and process through geologic time; relationship of macro- and microevolutionary theory. Prerequisite: 01:460:101.

01:460:206Dinosaurs (3) Survey of dinosaurian evolution and diversity. Discovery and collection; reconstruction of anatomy, behavior, physiology, and habitats; origin, evolutionary radiation, and extinction.

01:460:207Natural Resources and Their Exploitation (3) Geologic setting and origin of natural resources. Location and exploitation of oil and gas, coal, nuclear, geothermal, metallic and nonmetallic deposits.

01:460:208The Last 11,000 Years (3) Geologic events since the last ice age. Sea-level changes, volcanism, earthquakes, climatic change, erosional and depositional effects. Ancient record of events, myths.

01:460:209Exploration of the Oceans (3) Geological and geophysical exploration techniques; deep sea drilling; continental shelves; deep ocean basins; plate tectonics; coral reefs; offshore petroleum exploration; marine archaeological discoveries; Monitor, Titanic. Credit not given for this course and 01:460:120 or 11: 628:120.

01:460:212Earth and Life through Time (3) Relationship between the development of continents and oceans, changes in sedimentary environments, and the evolution of life through time. Designed for nonmajors. Credit not given for both this course and 01:460:102.

01:460:224Geology of the Moons and Planets (3) Origin, composition, and evolution of the solar system, meteorites, comets, asteroids, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Io, Europa,�Ganymede, Callisto, Saturn and its satellites, Uranus, and Neptune.

01:460:301Mineralogy (4) Introduction to crystallography, optics and crystal chemistry, systematics of rock-forming minerals. Laboratory: crystal chemical calculations, minerals in hand specimen and thin section. Lec. 3 hrs., lab. 3 hrs. Prerequisites: 01:160: 161-162. Pre- or corequisite: 01:460:103. Credit not given for both this course and 01:460:331.

01:460:302Petrology (4) Description, geological setting, and origin of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Laboratory: hand specimens and thin sections of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Lec. 3 hrs., lab. 3 hrs. Prerequisite: 01:460:301. Credit not given for both this course and 01:460:331.

01:460:303Paleontology (4) Principles of paleontology. Classification, relationships, and evolutionary history of invertebrate fossils. Laboratory study of morphology of invertebrates. Lec. 3 hrs., lab. 3 hrs. Prerequisite: 01:460:101.

01:460:307Structural Geology (4) Geometry and origin of brittle and ductile structures; strain, stress, and rheology; deformation mechanisms; introduction to tectonics and regional structural geology. Lec. 3 hrs., lab. 3 hrs. Prerequisites: 01:460:101 and 103. Recommended pre- or corequisite: CALC2.

01:460:330Sedimentary Geology (4) Interpretation of sedimentary rocks; their relation to depositional environment and processes. Analysis of sedimentary sequences in time and space. Principles of correlation. Lec. 3 hrs., lab. 3 hrs. Prerequisite: 01:460:101. Credit not given for both this course and 01:460:340 or 341.

01:460:331Fundamentals of Mineralogy and Petrology (4) Systematics of rock-forming minerals. Description, geologic setting, and origin of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Lec. 3 hrs., lab. 3 hrs. Prerequisite: 01:460:101. Credit not given for both this course and 01:460:301 or 302.

01:460:340Sedimentology (4) The origin of sediments and sedimentary rocks, with emphasis on processes in recent sedimentary environments and their ancient analogs. Lec. 3 hrs., lab. 3 hrs., field trips. Prerequisite: 01:460:101. Pre- or corequisite: 01:460:330. Credit not given for both this course and 01:460:330.

01:460:341Stratigraphy (4) Analysis of sedimentary rocks of earth's crust; their distribution in time and space; principles of correlation. Seismic interpretation of reflection records. Lec. 3 hrs., lab. 3 hrs. Prerequisite: 01:460:340. Credit not given for both this course and 01:460:330.

01:460:355,356Geology Colloquium (1,1) Current research in geological sciences. Lec. and discussions 1 hr. For geological sciences majors only.

01:460:394Microstratigraphic Analysis in Archaeology (3) Field and laboratory studies of geological context in archaeological sites. Data collection and sampling, sediment analysis, and reporting. Interpretation of depositional and postdepositional features. Pre- or corequisite: 01:460:340. Credit not given for both this course and 01:070:394.

01:460:396Geochronology in Geosciences and Anthropology (3) Isotopic, astronomical, and paleomagnetic dating techniques in geology and anthropology. Prerequisite: 01:460:101.

01:460:401Introduction to Geochemistry (4) Application of chemical principles and techniques to geologic problems. Geochemical structure of the earth, element distribution, Eh-ph diagrams, and phase-equilibrium diagrams. Prerequisite: 01:460:301.

01:460:402Ore Deposits (3) Geochemistry, mineralogy, and origin of ore deposits. Physical-chemical, ore-forming processes and their relation to geologic environment. Prerequisite: 01:460:302.

01:460:408Geomorphology (3) Application of earth system science to understanding the evolution of landforms and landscapes on the Earth's surface. Lec. 3 hrs. Prerequisite: 01:460:101 or equivalent.

01:460:410Field Geology (3) Methodology of field investigations: pace and compass, aerial photo and topographic mapping; construction of geological maps and cross sections; interpretations of seismic profiles; preparation of written reports. Lec. 1 hr., lab. 6 hrs. Prerequisites: 01:460:307 and 330 or 341 or permission of instructor. Statistics field requirement.

01:460:411Geological Field Methods (2) Introduction to geological mapping and related field investigations; surveying methods; construction of geological maps, stratigraphic sections and cross sections; interpretation of seismic reflection profiles; computer applications; preparation of written reports. Pre- or corequisites: 01:460:307 and 330 or 341. Course does not satisfy the field requirement.

01:460:412Introduction to Geophysics (4) Principles of seismic exploration, refraction, reflection, deep earth seismology, gravity, magnetics, electrical surveys, heat flow. Application of geophysical techniques to the study of the subsurface. Lec. 3 hrs., lab. 3 hrs. Pre- or corequisites: 01:460: 101 and 01:750:204 or permission of instructor.

01:460:417Environmental Geochemistry (3) Distribution of elements in the sedimentary environment; behavior of trace metals in sediments and waters. Pre- or corequisites: 01:160:162, 01:460:101.

01:460:418Geological Modeling (3) Computer techniques for collection, processing, interpretation, and presentation of geological and geophysical data. Computer-based modeling exercises in geologic and geophysical exploration and environment assessment. Pre- or corequisite: 01:460:301 or 303 or 340.

01:460:428Hydrogeology (3) Groundwater flow, Darcy's Law, hydraulic conductivity and permeability, aquifers, storage, recharge, infiltration, and flow nets. Prerequisites: 01:460:101, 01:640:136 or 152.

01:460:429Tectonics and Regional Structural Geology (3) Theories of tectonics, regional tectonostratigraphic analysis, development of the earth`s Phanerozoic orogens. Prerequisite: 01:460:307.

01:460:434The Quarternary Period (3) Explores the history of Earth over the last two million years during times of global climate change, sea level fluctuations, migrations of plant and animal communities, extinctions, and evolution of humans. Lec. 3 hrs., field trips. Prerequisite: 01:460:101 or equivalent.

01:460:451Marine Geology (3) Structure and oceanographic setting, marine sediments, evolution of ocean basins and margins. Prerequisite: 01:460:341.

01:460:453Paleoecology (3) Evolution in an ecological context: analysis of ancient living systems; evolution of marine ecosystems in geologic time. Prerequisites: 01:460:303 and 341, or permission of instructor.

01:460:454Micropaleontology (3) Studies of foraminifera, calcareous nannoplankton, and siliceous microplankton emphasizing stratigraphic, paleoecologic, and paleoceanographic utility.

01:460:476History of the Earth System (3) Earth as an evolving physical/biological system, including physical and biogeochemical processes whose interactions have shaped Earth's environment over geologic time. Pre- or corequisites: any three of 01:119:102, 01:160: 162, 01:460:101, 01:750:204, or permission of instructor.

01:460:493,494Independent Studies in Geology (3,3) Topic of study chosen in consultation with a faculty adviser. Prerequisites: Minimum 3.0 cumulative and geology grade-point averages. Adviser`s approval required for registration.

01:460:495-496Honors in Geology (3,3) Research project chosen in consultation with a faculty adviser. Both terms must be completed to receive credit. See section on departmental honors program for registration requirements.