01:510:101 Development of Europe I (3) Introductory survey of European history from ancient times to the early modern period. Introduction to historical interpretation and historical inquiry.

01:510:102 Development of Europe II (3) Introductory survey of European history from the early modern period to the present. Introduction to historical interpretation and historical inquiry.

01:510:191,192 Topics in History (3,3) Study of special topics in European history at the introductory level.

01:510:201 Ancient Greece (3) Civilization of the eastern Mediterranean world in ancient times, with emphasis on the origins of Western civilization and the Greek contribution to Western culture.

01:510:202 Ancient Rome (3) The Roman Republic and the Empire, with emphasis on the rise and decline of a Mediterranean world civilization under Roman leadership. Credit not given for both this course and 01:190:209.

01:510:205 Byzantium: The Imperial Age (3) Development of the medieval Greek state and its civilization, seventh through 13th centuries. Key themes of history and culture (political theory, theology, literature, and art). Relations with the Slavs, Arabs, Turks, and the West. Credit not given for both this course and 01:685:205.

01:510:207 Byzantium: The Last Centuries (3) Development of Byzantine society and culture from the Latin crisis (1204-1261) through the Turkish conquest (1453), including the Byzantine impact on western European, Slavic, and Ottoman cultures. Credit not given for both this course and 01:685:207.

01:510:209 Emergence of Medieval Europe, 400-1150 (3) Europe from the fall of Rome through the Dark Ages and into the feudal age--the era of Charlemagne, the Vikings, and the Crusades. Credit not given for both this course and 01:667:281.

01:510:211 Harvest of the Middle Ages, 1150-1520 (3) From feudalism to the Protestant Reformation, with emphasis on social and economic developments. Religious, political, institutional, and cultural changes. Credit not given for both this course and 01:667:282.

01:510:213 The Crusades (3) Ideology and expressions of the crusades, 11th to 14th centuries, including crusades against Muslims, heretics, and other papal enemies. Extensive use of film. Credit not given for both this course and 01:685:213.

01:510:224 Gender and Society in Europe (3) Explores the varieties of gendered experience in Europe from the Enlightenment to the 20th century, including the relationship between gender, class, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. Course material will emphasize interdisciplinary and comparative approaches.

01:510:245 The Arts of Power: Ritual, Myth, and Propaganda (3) Investigates how paintings, movies, poems, and ceremonies have been manipulated to bolster the political authority of rulers, including Louis XIV, Lincoln, Hitler, and Elizabeth II.

01:510:253 History of Witchcraft and Magic (3) Witchcraft in relation to the history of religion; the phenomena of crime, deviance, and demographic change; and the history of women in Europe and America. Credit not given for both this course and 01:988:253.

01:510:260 Remembering the Shtetl (3) How Jewish life in eastern European small towns has been documented and recalled from 19th century to present in fiction, art, ethnography, film, and memoir. Credit not given for both this course and 01:563:210.

01:510:261 History of the Holocaust (3) Development of anti-Semitism in modern European history culminating in the "Final Solution"; special emphasis on Jewish responses and resistance. Credit not given for both this course and 01:563:261.

01:510:271 Russia and the West (3) Formation of traditional Russian society in isolation from the West; the impact of the West on Russia from Peter the Great to the present.

01:510:291,292 Topics in History (3,3) Study of special topics in European history at the intermediate level.

01:510:300 Greek and Roman Slavery (3) Social, economic, legal, and political aspects of slavery in Ancient Greece and Rome. The sources and numbers of slaves, forms of servitude, manumission, and slave labor. Credit not given for both this course and 01:190:300.

01:510:301 Early Greece (3) History of the Greek world from Minoan Crete through the Persian War. Readings (in translation) range from Homer through Herodotus.

01:510:302 Classical Greece (3) Greek history from the Persian War to the Macedonian conquest of Greece. Readings (in translation) from Thucydides, Xenophon, Demosthenes, Plutarch, and others.

01:510:303 Hellenistic World (3) Expansion and development of Greek culture from Alexander through the successor kingdoms in Greece, Egypt, Syria-Palestine, and Asia Minor.

01:510:304 The Rise of the Roman Republic (3) Roman political, social, and cultural history from the beginning of urban settlement through the emergence of the Roman state as the dominant power in the Mediterranean basin to the end of the second century BC.

01:510:305 The Crisis of the Roman Republic (3) Roman political, social, and cultural history during the crisis of the late republic from 133 BC, the tribunate of Tiberius Gracchus, through the establishment of the principate by the Emperor Augustus.

01:510:306 Roman Empire (3) Political, social, and intellectual developments of the imperial period until the age of Constantine, with emphasis on the first two centuries AD. (Formerly 01:510:305) Credit not given for both this course and 01:190:306.

01:510:307 The Roman World in Late Antiquity (3) Development of the Roman state and society from the late third through early seventh centuries. The transformation of the late classical world, and the origins of Byzantium and the medieval West. (Formerly 01:510:306)

01:510:308 Ancient Cultural and Intellectual History (3) Aspects of cultural, religious, and intellectual developments in the classical world. (Formerly 01:510:307)

01:510:309 A History of Western Morals: Antiquity and Middle Ages (3) Examines the formative period of moral ideas in Western civilization in ancient Greek, Roman, and Hebrew societies, then traces the evolution of those ideas through the Middle Ages.

01:510:310 Pompeii: The Life and Death of a Roman Town (3) Pompeii and Herculaneum, as laboratories for the study of Roman life: the economy and society; public and private architecture, art, and inscriptions; and the birth of archaeology. Prerequisites: One course in Roman history or culture, Latin or ancient art, or permission of instructor. Credit not given for both this course and 01:190:373.

01:510:313 Renaissance in the Middle Ages (3) Transmission and appropriation of classical culture in the patristic age; Irish, Carolingian, 12th-century, and early Italian Renaissance; social and political bases of these movements.

01:510:314 Jews, Heretics, and the Inquisition (3) Survey of the Medieval, Spanish, and Roman inquisitions focusing on these institutions' attitudes toward--and treatment of--heretics, Jews, and conversos. Examines how these inquisitions operated and their legal precedents as well as their relations to the social, political, and religious tensions of their day, in the context of broader historical questions about forms of intolerance and modes of persecution. Credit not given for both this course and 01:563:314.

01:510:315 Reform and Dissent in the Middle Ages (3) Christian unity and its implementation, church structure, canon law, monastic reform, conciliar movement, academic and popular heresy, and church-state relations, with emphasis on Italy and Germany. Integrated, interdisciplinary study of the age of the Renaissance in Italy and northern Europe from 1300 to 1550. (Formerly 01:510:417)

01:510:317 The Renaissance (3) Integrated, interdisciplinary study of the age of the Renaissance in Italy and northern Europe from 1300 to 1550.

01:510:318 Era of World War I (3) Causes, course, and consequences of World War I in the light of political, social, and military forces.
(Formerly 01:510:417)

01:510:319 The Age of Reformation, 1500-1648 (3) The Protestant and Catholic reformations and their significance for European society.

01:510:320 Women in Antiquity (3) Women in the ancient societies of Greece and Rome. Their roles and images in the social, legal, political, domestic, philosophical, and artistic spheres examined using primary sources. (Formerly 01:510:251)

01:510:321 The Age of Enlightenment (3) Eighteenth-century European philosophy and philosophers examined within their historical contexts. The role of ideas in movements for social, moral, and political change.

01:510:322 Women and Gender in Early Modern Europe: From Renaissance to Revolution (3) Early modern European history through the lens of women's experience, with a special focus on the experience of women in western Europe. Emphasis on methodologies and theories deployed by women's historians in recent decades.

01:510:325 Nineteenth-Century Europe (3) Examination of the formative period of modern Europe, including the industrial and democratic revolutions, nationalism, imperialism, and the crises culminating in World War I.

01:510:327 Twentieth-Century Europe (3) Major economic and social forces shaping life in 20th-century Europe, and efforts of major social groups to cope with and shape these forces.

01:510:329 Medieval Culture and Society (3) Topics in medieval religions, political, intellectual, and social history; thematic focus varies by instructor.

01:510:333 France, Old Regime, and Revolution (3) French history from Louis XIV to the fall of Napoleon. The absolutist state and the impact of revolution, stressing the interplay of political, social, cultural, and economic history.

01:510:335 Modern France (3) History of France from the fall of Napoleon to the present, with particular emphasis on the relation of political developments to social, intellectual, and economic change.

01:510:337 Medieval Kings and Queens (3) Rulership in theory and practice, from Germanic chieftains to divine-right monarchs, with attention to royal rivals, myths and rituals, marriage, and gender.

01:510:338 England in the Middle Ages (3) Political development of England from William the Conqueror to the War of the Roses.

01:510:340 British Atlantic World (3) Explores the forms of knowledge and networks of communication that shaped British colonization in the early modern Atlantic. Themes include early contact with Native Americans; commerce, piracy, and slavery; political communications and the American Revolution; and the campaign to abolish the slave trade.

01:510:343 The Political History of England, 1485-1789: Centuries of Revolution? (3) Explores the political, religious, and intellectual history of early modern England. Topics include the reformation, the state, political culture, and revolutions of the 17th century.

01:510:344 The Social History of England, 1580-1780: The First Modern Society? (3) Explores the socioeconomic and cultural history of early modern England. Topics include popular culture; religion; sex and gender; urbanization; and the rise of consumerism, industrialism, and capitalism.

01:510:345 English Constitutional History to 1688 (3) Developments of English governments to 1688, with emphasis on those institutions and political and legal ideas that form the background for American constitutional development.

01:510:346 The English Revolution, 1640-1660 (3) Explores the most tumultuous period in English history. Topics include causes and revolution, the Civil War, regicide and republicanism, radical politics and religion, and Oliver Cromwell.

01:510:347 The British Empire and the British Isles, 1485-1763 (3) History of British overseas enterprise from opening phases of Atlantic exploration through the end of the Seven Years' War. Special attention to impact of empire on British Isles.

01:510:348 Great Britain, 1685-1815 (3) Explores Great Britain's rise to dominant global power. Focuses on internal developments as well as colonial experiences.

01:510:349 Modern Britain (3) Developments since the 18th century that have shaped the character of contemporary Britain, including parliamentary democracy, industrialization, rise and fall of empire, and cultural change.

01:510:350 Greek Society (3) Social and economic life of the Greeks from the Mycenaean period through the Hellenistic age. Written and material evidence employed. Prerequisite: Recommended: 01:510:201. Credit not given for both this course and 01:190:350.

01:510:351 Medieval Italy, 476-1300 (3) The Italian peninsula from the fall of the empire in the west to the age of the communes; social, political, and religious history.

01:510:354 History of Italy's People (3) Topical approach. Etruscans to present. Emphasis on culture, geography, religion, philosophy, family structures, agricultural systems, urban development, and universities.

01:510:357 Medieval Germany (3) Survey of German history from the late Roman Empire to the threshold of the Reformation, ca 300 to ca 1500.

01:510:359 German Culture from Reformation to Enlightenment, 1500-1750 (3) Covers political history (Reformation, Thirty Years' War, and Absolutism) and Lutheran, Calvinist, and Catholic confessional culture. War experiences; pamphlets; and religious, social, and intellectual developments such as the Rosicrucians or Pietism. Also covers the early stages of the Enlightenment, the Republic of Letters, and natural law theories.

01:510:360 Society and Culture in Germany 1750-1870 (3) Introduction to the classical period of German culture, including study of Kant, Fichte, Lessing, Goethe, and Shiller in historical context.

01:510:361 History of Germany to 1914 (3) History of Germany from the Reformation to World War I, emphasizing absolutism, militarism, unification, the rise of nationalism, and anti-Semitism.

01:510:363 Germany from 1871 to Present (3) Analysis of the collapse of imperial Germany, the failure of democracy in the Weimar Republic, Hitler's Third Reich, the Holocaust, and restructuring of Germany since 1945.

01:510:368 Jews of Germany and Austria-Hungary, 1780-Present (3) Jewish history in modern Central Europe. Focus on Germany, Austria, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia (now the Czech Republic and Slovakia) from the late 1700s until the present day. Credit not given for both this course and 01:563:368.

01:510:373 State and Society in Imperial Russia (3) Autocratic government as a dynamic force in the 18th century and a conservative one in the 19th century in the face of intellectual and socioeconomic development.

01:510:375 Revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union (3) Crisis of the old regime; revolution; building socialism in an underdeveloped country; Stalin's terror; expansion and the Cold War; the post-Stalin attempts at reform; and the breakup of the Soviet Union.

01:510:377 Russia in War and Peace (3) History of Russia from the war against Japan in 1904 to post-Soviet wars in Chechnya. Focus on how international conflicts affected Russian politics, culture, and society: Revolution of 1905, turmoil in First World War, revolutions of 1917, Russian Civil War, "socialism in one country," mythology of Great Patriotic War, xenophobia in Cold War, war in Afghanistan, and collapse of communism.

01:510:378 Jews and Revolution in Modern Russia (3) Jewish experience in modern Russia, with special focus on the involvement of Jews in the Russian Revolution and socialism and nationalism during the Soviet Union, and the challenges to Russian-Jewish relations in the post-Soviet era.

01:510:379 St. Petersburg (3) Intensive study of the historical development of St. Petersburg and its role in Russian and European history. Variable topics; specific topics will be available at time of registration. No knowledge of Russian required. Offered only as part of summer program in St. Petersburg.

01:510:381 National Conflict in Eastern Europe, 1800-1948 (3) Emergence of national movements and independent states in Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Romania, and Bulgaria. Problem of national minorities in nation-states, and solutions offered by nationalist, fascist, and communist regimes.

01:510:382 Genesis of Modern Greece, 1450-1830 (3) Political, social, religious, cultural, and intellectual experiences of Greeks under Ottoman rule, 1450-1830, culminating in national independence. Credit not given for both this course and 01:685:382.

01:510:383 Communism and Post-Communism in Eastern Europe, 1945-Present (3) Impact of communism and neoliberalism on Eastern Europe. Collapse of the Soviet Bloc, transition to liberal market capitalism, and its social consequences.

01:510:385 Rabbis, Rebels, and Rationalists: The Jews of Eastern Europe (3) Economic, legal, and political conditions of Jewish life from the 16th century to World War II. Forms of Jewish response: autonomism, messianism, Hasidism, emigration, and socialism. Credit not given for both this course and 01:563:385.

01:510:386 History of Zionism (3) Messianism, forerunners of Zionism; ideology of Zionism; pioneer movements; the Yishuv and its institutions. The state of Israel: its structure and inner and outer life. Credit not given for both this course and 01:563:343 or 01:685:343.

01:510:387 Development of the Marxist-Leninist System (3) Ideological background of Marxist-Leninist systems; evolution of Soviet system from Lenin to Gorbachev; and the disintegration of Soviet system since Gorbachev. Establishment of Marxist-Leninist systems in Eastern Europe and their evolution from Stalin to Brezhnev and dissolution under Gorbachev; special attention to Yugoslav dissidence under Tito; origins and evolution of Chinese Marxist-Leninist system after 1949, including Great Cultural Revolution and reforms under Deng Xiao-Ping; and origin and development of Cuban Marxist-Leninist system.

01:510:388 Jewish-Christian Relations through the Ages (3) Jewish-Christian relations from the first century CE to the start of the 21st century. Focuses both on the history of interactions between Jews and Christians--persecutions, collaborations, conversions, etc.--and the history of theological stances and popular attitudes. Credit not given for both this course and 01:563:388.

01:510:389 Jewish Politics, Jewish Power (3) Political relationship of the Jewish community to the gentile authorities among whom they lived, from Rome in 70 CE to the contemporary period. Continuities and discontinuities of traditional conceptions of Jewish political behavior; rebellion and accommodation to structures of power in varying historical contexts. Credit not given for both this course and 01:563:389 and 01:790:384.

01:510:390 Jewish Memory (3) Course explores various forms of Jewish memory shaped in response to major events, including myths, holidays, monuments, pilgrimages, testimonies, museums, literature, and film. Credit not given for both this course and 01:563:390.

01:510:391,392 Historical Studies (3,3) Separate sections focusing on different topics at different times and in different areas. Specific titles available at time of registration.

01:510:394 Human Rights (3) Examines the history of human rights as a set of ideas and as a motivation for social action. Special emphasis on the role of human rights in Europe, but includes comparisons with rights-based activism in other parts of the world.

01:510:403 Ancient Warfare and Diplomacy (3) International politics and military history in the Greek and Roman world. Readings include ancient sources (in translation) and modern interpretations.

01:510:407 Rome in the Age of Augustus (3) Examination of the career of Augustus and the developments in the Roman world during this period. Treatment of the problems of change and continuity through revival and innovation in political, social, and intellectual spheres, with emphases on growth of imperial system and on the literary works and social legislation.

01:510:419 Europe in the Contemporary World (3) Europe from 1930s to present, focusing on European responses to challenges of American power, Soviet revolution, and anticolonial movements.

01:510:425 Intellectual History of Early Modern Europe (3) Study of major currents of thought (religious, scientific, political, and social) from the end of the Middle Ages to the 18th century.

01:510:431 Origins of Capitalist Society (3) History of the origins and developments of life and consciousness characteristic of capitalist societies since the beginnings of the industrial age.

01:510:441 The Social History of Medieval England (3) Concentrates on the interaction between individual and society in medieval England with special emphasis on the life experiences of the common people.