The school is organized in seven academic departments: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Ceramic and Materials Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, and Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering. Courses in bioresource engineering are taught by the faculty of the bioresource engineering program, which is part of Cook College.

To fulfill its obligation to extend the boundaries of knowledge, the school operates the Office of Graduate Education and Research. Through this organization, members of the faculty and students engage in research that may be supported by the university, by industry, or by state or federal government agencies. Since research is an integral part of the educational function of the school, the research laboratories are intermingled with those used for instruction. The result is an academic environment that excites the curiosity of students and stimulates their interest in exploring the frontiers of knowledge.

To support the programs of instruction and research, the school established Engineering Computing Services (ECS). Sophisticated modern computing systems are available through the engineering computer laboratories supported by ECS and through facilities provided by Rutgers University Computing Services (RUCS).

Education in engineering, like that in any other profession, is a lifelong process. Practicing engineers can keep abreast of the latest developments in their field through the Program for Continuing Engineering Studies operated by the school. The school offers short courses and conferences in a wide range of subjects to meet the changing needs of the profession, as well as review courses to prepare for the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) and Professional Engineers (PE) licensing examinations.