The cardiac sonography program is an 18-month (five-semester) program that covers both didactic and clinical instruction in noninvasive cardiovascular sonography and diagnostic testing. The course of study includes Applied Anatomy and Physiology, Pathophysiology, Ultrasound Physics, Instrumentation, and Applied Cardiovascular Sonography. Clinical training is provided in active noninvasive cardiovascular departments that are equipped with the most advanced ultrasound equipment. The Rutgers cardiac sonography program is offered as a university certificate, bachelor of science (B.S.) degree (with joint partners), or as a second B.S. degree.