01:450:101 Earth Systems (3) Systematic introduction to physical processes on earth; including earth-sun relations, weather and climate, the hydrologic cycle, earth materials, and landforms. Emphasis on interrelationships among these phenomena.

01:450:102 Transforming the Global Environment (3) Introduction to the role of humans as modifiers and transformers of the physical environment. Emphasis on current changes and contemporary public issues. Credit not given for both this course and 01:381:101.

01:450:103 Human Geography: Space, Place, and Location (3) Introduction to the spatial patterning of human activities and the role of place in human affairs. Population distributions; world cultural patterns; organization of urban and nonurban societies including land use, transportation, and communications. Impacts of global restructuring.

01:450:205 World Cultural Regions (3) Geography of the world's major cultural regions: Europe; Russia and the Newly Independent States; the Americas; East Asia, Australasia, and Oceania; South Asia; the Middle East; and Africa.

01:450:208 Maps, Power, and the Digital World (3) Examination of maps, mapmaking, and map interpretation, the ways that these processes are political and rooted in dynamics of power, and the social justice potential for mapping in today's digital age.

01:450:211 Environment, Society and Justice (3) Critically examines the relationship between humans and the biophysical environment, emphasizing the major theoretical approaches to the study of social, political, economic, and technological aspects of environmental challenges.

01:4450:212 Water Resources (3) Examines freshwater resources in the 21st century. Exploration of global water resources from both physical and social science perspectives, including water cycle, water management, and water conflicts.

01:450:213 The Global Climate System (3) Explores the climate system from a geographic perspective. Examines the Earth's energy budget, hydrologic cycle, and atmospheric circulation at a variety of spatial and temporal scales. Investigates natural and human-associated aspects of climate variability and change.

01:450:214 Conservation (3) Theories and practices of conservation in critical perspective. Moral, political-economic, scientific, and practical dilemmas in meeting conservation/preservation and restoration/remediation goals.

01:450:222 Cultural Geography (3) Systematic introduction to cultural geography. Spatial analyses of peoples, languages, religions, folk and popular culture, and the varying impacts of cultures on environments.

01:450:241 The City: Introduction to an Urban Geography (3) The role of cities in the world and overview of various aspects of the city, spanning geographical, political, climactic, psychological, and socioeconomic analysis. Credit not given for both this course and 01:450:250.

01:450:250 Cities (4) Spatial organization and functioning of cities in different world regions. Emphasis on societal system factors that influence urban development. Credit not given for both this course and 01:450:241.

01:450:262 Geographic Background to Current World Affairs (3) Contemporary global public issues from the perspective of changes in geographical relationships. Examination of major environmental, social, political, and economic trends that involve the restructuring of society and space at a variety of scales.

01:450:270,271 Topics in Geography (1.5,1.5) Addresses a subject that is most appropriately treated in an abbreviated format. Topics vary from semester to semester. Specific titles available at time of registration.

01:450:272 Topics in Geography (3) Topics vary.� Specific titles available at time of registration.

01:450:280 Pandemics (4) Exploration of pandemics, including the most recent Covid-19 pandemic, through an interdisciplinary lens that incorporates biology, ecology, politics, economics, and culture along with other themes.

01:450:306 Global Ecosystems and Biodiversity (3) Explores the spatial patterns of biological diversity. Emphasis on relationships between living organisms (animals, plants, and microbes) and their environment (climate, geology, soils), emphasizing the spatial and temporal patterns in their distributions over Earth. Uses concepts from ecology, evolutionary biology, geology, and physical geography, and employs methodologies from geography such as geographic information systems and spatial analysis.

01:450:309 Economic Geography (3) Spatial organization of economic activities; emphasis on economic globalization and urban and regional development. Pre- or corequisite: 01:450:103 or permission of instructor.

01:450:311 Natural Hazards and Disasters (3) Human dimensions of selected types of extreme natural events (e.g., windstorms, earthquakes, floods, and droughts) in developed and developing countries.

01:450:313 Climate Change (3) Climate variability and change of the past, present, and future. Studies natural and anthropological dimensions of change across continents, ice sheets, and oceans using a systems approach.
Prerequisite: 01:450:101 or 213 or 11:670:202.

01:450:320 Spatial Data Analysis (3) Introduction to data analysis for geographers, including graphical techniques for data visualization, data interpretation, basic descriptive statistical methods, and a range of inferential statistical techniques for problem solving in geography.

01:450:321 Geographic Information Systems (3) Use of computers for management, analysis, and communication of spatial data. Geocoding, transformations, storage, and representation.

01:450:322 Remote Sensing (3) Principles and techniques of satellite remote sensing. Application of satellite sensing to the study of Earth's land, oceans, and atmosphere.

01:450:330 Geographical Research Methods (3) Approaches to geographical problem solving. Defining geographical problems; seeking, organizing, and presenting spatial data; report writing.
Prerequisites: 01:450:101, 102, 103 or permission of instructor. Required for Geography majors.

01:450:331 New Jersey (3) Physical, historical, urban, and economic geography of the state.

01:450:332 Eastern Europe and Eurasia (3) Examines social, economic, and political dimensions of the region and the resulting geographical patterns.

01:450:334 Western Europe (3) Introduction to the Western European culture area. Its evolution; the features of the physical environment and their influence on human occupancy; demographic characteristics and diversity; regional development problems; quests for regional autonomy.

01:450:335 Caribbean Borderlands (3) Regional analysis of basic human and physical differences affecting economic, political, and social conditions in the West Indies, Central America, and Mexico. Credit not given for both this course and 01:595:336.

01:450:336 Latin America (3) Relative significance of natural and cultural environments in contributing to regional contrasts.

01:450:338 Africa (3) Regional associations of peoples and national states; analysis of resource endowment, economic development, and Africa's changing position in the world. Credit not given for both this course and 01:016:338.

01:450:341 South Asia (3) Geographic survey of the region of South Asia (India, Nepal, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka) in terms of environment, development, society, and politics.

01:450:342 East Asia (3) Geographic interpretation of the population, economy, and political integration of the Orient.

01:450:355 Principles of Cartography (4) Theories and techniques of geographic data gathering, analysis, and map preparation. Special attention to problems of thematic map design and preparation. Lec. 3 hrs., lab by arrangement 3.6 hrs.

01:450:356 Advanced Cartography (4) Study of psychophysical factors in map design, including experimenting with surface representation and topography. Photographic materials and methods applicable to graphic reproduction. Lec. 3 hrs., lab by arrangement 3.6 hrs. Prerequisite: 01:450:355 or permission of instructor.

01:450:360 Cultural and Political Ecology (3) Examines the dynamic relationship between political-economic, cultural, and ecological factors and the ways they shape access to, and control over, natural resources.

01:450:361 Gender Geographies (3) Links between gender relations and the spatial organization of society. Emphasis on the spatial division of labor, gendered places, women and development, geographies of safety and fear, and gendered political geographies.

01:450:363 Geography of Development (3) Geographical patterns of development in third world areas and less developed parts of advanced capitalist countries. Emphasis on agrarian and industrial development and the restructuring of relations among different regions.

01:450:364 Afro-Latinx geographies in the US and in Latin America (3) Examines uneven Afro-Latinx geographies in the US and Latin America. Interrogates how racialization and gender intersect spatial, economic, and environmental (in)justices that affect Afro-Latinxs communities across the Americas.
Credit not given for both this course and 01:595:364.

01:450:365 Geographies of Race and Ethnicity in the United States (3) Examines the role inequalities based on racial and ethnic identities have played in shaping the historical and contemporary spaces of the United States. Emphasis on spatial dimensions of race and ethnicity and how social and spatial patterns are produced through histories of privilege and oppression, inclusion and exclusion, conflict, containment, and mobility.

01:450:370 Climate Change and Society (3) Physical aspects and societal implications of climate change. Means of predicting and detecting change. Impacts on physical and human�systems. Climate in the political arena; planning for the future.

01:450:380 Medical Geography (3) Geographical analysis applied to disease hazards, health status of populations, and health care delivery systems in selected physical and cultural environments.

01:450:402 Field Geography (4) Hands-on introduction to Geographic field methods, including mapping landscapes, using various sensors to monitor weather and water properties, and more. Some class time will be spent outdoors. Prerequisites: 01:450:101,102,103, 01:381:101, 01:460:100, 01:375:101 or permission of instructor.

01:450:403,404 Advanced Physical Geography (3,3) Problems in the geography of landforms, climate, soils, and vegetation analyzed from the viewpoints of both pure and applied sciences. Prerequisite: 01:450:101 or permission of instructor.

01:450:405 Political Geography (3) Basic principles of political geography and the application of these principles to selected areas around the world; causes of political conflicts and methods used in their resolution.

01:450:409 Geohumanities (3) Scientific, political, and social challenges at the intersection of geography and the humanities. Critical reflections of imaginative and artistic productions. Examination of geography's concern with scale, place, and space with the humanities' focus on critical and speculative engagements with human culture.

01:450:413 Climate Seminar(3) In-depth exploration of a topic related to climate science from a geographic perspective. The specific topic will be available as a subtitle at the time of registration.
Prerequisite: 01:450:101, 01:460:101, 01:375:101,11:670:202, or permission by instructor.

01:450:414 Geographical Hydrology (3) Land surface water processes in a geographical perspective. Emphasis on how place and space influence stores and fluxes of water. Prerequisite: 01:450:101 or equivalent.

01:450:417 Coastal Geomorphology (3) Processes of erosion and deposition in coastal environments. Process-response models and problem-solving methods in coastal research. Prerequisite: 01:450:101 or 01:460:101 or permission of instructor.

01:450:421 Advanced Geographic Information Systems (3) Introduction to major research and application issues in geographic information systems (GIS). Themes include geodesy and georeferencing; uncertainty and error propagation; multicriteria/multiobjective decision-making; introduction to surface analysis and spatial pattern analysis; change/time series analysis; GIS and society. Prerequisite: 01:450:321 or 11:372:362.

01:450:470 History and Theory of Geography (3) Major historical themes, concepts, and theories of geography related to specific geographical changes in the real world; facilitates critical evaluation of the uses of geographic research. Prerequisites: 01:450:101, 102, 103 or permission of instructor. Required for Geography majors.

01:450:485,486 Internship in Geography (BA,BA) Application of geography skills in professional employment setting. Individually designed and evaluated experience under supervision of intern adviser. Open only to majors and minors. Prerequisite: Permission of department.

01:450:487,488 Cartographic Problems (3,3) Study for students interested in special cartographic problems. Prerequisite: Permission of department.

01:450:491,492 Geographic Problems (3,3) Study for students interested in special geographic problems. Prerequisite: Permission of department.

01:450:495,496 Honors Project: Geography (BA,BA) Honors research project under supervision of a faculty member. Permission of department needed to take the course
Prerequisite: Permission of department.