01:860:104 First-Year Russian Language Lab (1) Continued study of specific areas of Russian phonetics: vowels, consonants, consonant clusters, basic intonation patterns. Further development of aural and oral skills. Prerequisite: 01:860:101 or 107. Corequisite: 01:860:102 or 108.

01:860:105 Intensive First-Year Russian in Russia (6) Intensive introduction to fundamentals of the Russian language. Focus on grammar, phonetics, and conversation. Taught in Russian in St. Petersburg by Russian instructors.� Credit not given for both this course and 01:860:101.

01:860:106 Intensive First-Year Russian in Russia (8) Intensive introduction to fundamentals of the Russian language. Focus on grammar, phonetics, and conversation. Taught in Russian by Russian instructors. Credit not give for both this course and 01:860:101 and 102.

01:860:107 Russian for Russian Speakers (4) Study of specific areas of grammar, orthography, usage, writing, and grammatical analysis. Credit not given for both this course and 01:860:101.

01:860:108 Russian for Russian Speakers (4) Continued study of specific areas of Russian grammar. Development of reading, writing, oral skills, and vocabulary building through conversation, composition, newspapers, magazines, and film. Prerequisite: 01:860:107 or permission of department. Credit not given for both this course and 01:860:102.

01:860:120 Russian for Reading Knowledge (3) Grammar and readings of texts from various fields.� Does not satisfy prerequisite for 01:860:201.

01:860:201,202 Second-Year Russian (4,4) Development of language skills; emphasis on speaking, translation drills, and grammar. Prerequisite: 01:860:102 or 108 or two or more years of secondary school Russian.

01:860:203,204 Second-Year Russian Language Laboratory (1,1) Instructor-guided laboratory practicum based on intensive use of media and designed for improvement of aural/oral skills. Practice involves use of text-related and other audio and video material, individual and group work, and recording of student speech for evaluation of pronunciation and fluency. Corequisites: 01:860:201,202.

01:860:205 Intensive Second-Year Russian in Russia (6) Intensive intermediate-level study of the Russian language. Focus on grammar, phonetics, conversation. Reading of short fiction. Taught in Russian in St. Petersburg by Russian instructors. Prerequisite: 01:860:102, 105, 108, or placement. Credit not given for both this course and 01:860:201 or 207.

01:860:206 Intensive Second-Year Russian in Russia (8) Intensive intermediate-level study of the Russian language. Focus on grammar, phonetics, conversation. Reading of short fiction. Taught in Russian by Russian instructors. Prerequisite: 01:860:102, 105, 106, 108, or placement. Credit not given for both this course and 01:860:201, 205, or 207.

01:860:207 Second-Year Russian for Russian Speakers (4) Continued study of specific areas of Russian grammar and orthography. Further development of reading, writing, oral skills, and vocabulary building of literary Russian through exposure to a wide variety of texts, media, and film.� Prerequisite: 01:860:108. Credit not given for both this course and 01:860:201.

01:860:208 Second-Year Russian for Russian Speakers (4) Further study of specific areas of Russian grammar, orthography, and punctuation. Further development of reading, writing, oral skills, and vocabulary building of literary Russian through exposure to a wide variety of texts, media, and film. Focus on composition, translation, and oral presentation skills.� Prerequisite: 01:860:207. Credit not given for both this course and 01:860:202.

01:860:301,302 Third-Year Russian (3,3) Refinement of reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. Selected topics of advanced Russian grammar. Vocabulary building. Prerequisite: 01:860:202, 205, or its equivalent.

01:860:305 Intensive Third-Year Russian in Russia (6) Intensive high intermediate-level study of the Russian language. Focus on grammar, conversation, phonetics, reading, and the language of media. Reading of newspapers and unabridged short stories/texts. Taught in Russian in St. Petersburg by Russian instructors. Prerequisite: 01:860:202, 205, or placement. Credit not given for both this course and 01:860:301.

01:860:306 Intensive Third-Year Russian in Russia (8) Intensive high intermediate-level study of the Russian language. Focus on grammar, conversation, phonetics, reading, and the language of media. Reading of newspapers and unabridged short stories/texts. Taught in Russian in St. Petersburg by Russian instructors. Prerequisite: 01:860:202, 205, 206, 207, or placement. Credit not given for both this course and 01:860:301 or 305.

01:860:351,352 Structure of the Russian Language (3,3) Advanced course with emphasis on morphology, difficult points of grammar. Theory and extensive drill work. Prerequisite: 01:860:202, 205, or permission of instructor. 01:860:351 required of majors.

01:860:355 Russian Phonetics (3) Analysis of the Russian phonetic system, intonation, and transcription; emphasis on reading of texts and dialogues. Prerequisite: 01:860:202, 205, or permission of instructor.

01:860:401,402 Fourth-Year Russian (3,3) Reading and discussion of various oral and written styles. Phraseology. Communicative skills. Prerequisite: 01:860:302, 305, or permission of instructor.

01:860:405 Intensive Fourth-Year Russian in Russia (6) Intensive advanced-level study of the Russian language. Focus on advanced points of grammar, stylistics, conversation. Reading of newspapers, contemporary Russian literature, and seminars on area studies. Taught in Russian in St. Petersburg by Russian instructors. Prerequisite: 01:860:302, 305, or placement.

01:860:406 Intensive Fourth-Year Russian in Russia (8) Intensive advanced-level study of the Russian language. Focus on advanced points of grammar, stylistics, conversation. Reading of newspapers, contemporary Russian literature, and seminars on area studies. Taught in Russian in St. Petersburg by Russian instructors. Prerequisite: 01:860:302, 305, 306, or placement.

01:860:452 Seminar in Slavic Linguistics (3) Devoted to specific problems in the area of Slavic linguistics. Variable content, e.g., history of the Russian language, readings in Old Russian, advanced problems of morphology. Prerequisite: 01:860:451 or permission of instructor.

01:860:491,492 Russian Practicum (3,3) Drill methods, techniques of facilitating classroom interaction, error analysis, grammar review, and weekly drill sessions conducted in beginning Russian sections under faculty supervision. Prerequisites: 01:860:302 and/or permission of instructor. Corequisites: 01:860:401,402, if applicable.