01:460:100 Planet Earth (3) Introductory geology for the nonscience major, designed to give a broad, basic understanding of the planet on which we reside, its age and origin, composition and evolution,�interrelationships of Earth's major physical systems, scientific revolutions in Earth science, and the role the physical Earth plays in global politics and economics.
Credit not given for both this course and 01:460:101.

01:460:101 Introductory Geology (4) Geological concepts, principles, processes, chemistry, and physics of the Earth and the interplay of Earth systems. Course explores the Earth as a whole, its origin, structure, composition, history, and the nature of the processes that resulted in its formation and its present state. Course includes a 3-hour laboratory session. Previously listed as 01:460:103. Credit not given for both this course and 01:460:100.

01:460:102 Introductory Geology II: Historical (3) Principles and concepts of plate tectonics and reconstructing past geography and environments; history of Earth's climate, environments, biogeochemical cycles, and life through time. Pre- or corequisite: 01:460:101. Designed for majors and minors. Credit not given for this course and 01:460:212.

01:460:103 Introductory Geology Laboratory (1) For students requiring fulfillment of the geological sciences lab requirement who have previously taken 01:460:100 Planet Earth, or an equivalent of 01:460:101 Introductory Geology without a lab. Lab times are those scheduled for 01:460:101 labs. Explores mineral and rock identification, geological sample analysis, structural and seismological interpretation, and field observation.
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor only.

01:460:105 Honors Introductory Geology Laboratory (2) Fundamentals of physical geology. Field observations and measurements of geologic processes and outcrops. Lab. 6 hrs. Pre- or corequisite: 01:460:101.

01:460:110 Sea Change (3) History of global and regional sea-level changes through geological time and their impact on the New Jersey coast. Relationships among carbon dioxide, temperature, and sea-level change. Social, ethical, economic, and political concerns are explored.

01:460:120 Introduction to Oceanography (3) Ongoing discoveries and developing knowledge including plate tectonics, the properties and motion of the ocean (waves, tides, and currents), ocean resources (food, energy, minerals), and related marine environmental issues that are changing our understanding of the way our planet works and that impact on our lives. Credit not given for this course and 01:460:209 or 11:628:120.

01:460:201 Earthquakes and Volcanoes (3) Plate tectonics and the origin of earthquakes and volcanoes: causes, mechanisms, consequences, and effect on humans.

01:460:202 Environmental Geology (3) Analyses of issues and case studies related to cleaning up the environment, finding and using resources, predicting and mitigating natural disasters, and understanding global change.

01:460:203 Building and Maintaining a Habitable Planet (3) Understanding human-caused environmental changes in the context of Earth's 4.6-billion-year history. Geological and human timescales; planetary habitability; planetary, biological, and civilizational flows of energy and entropy; feedback between life, the carbon cycle, and climate; the evolution of complex life; human alterations of the Earth system; intelligent life in the universe.

01:460:204 The Water Planet (3) Survey of the science, environmental impact, and resource allocation of water on Earth. Characteristics of water: hydrologic cycle; runoff and erosion; river systems; past and present climates; water quality; political and economic aspects of water.
Credit not given for both this course and 11:628:204.

01:460:206 Dinosaurs (3) Survey of dinosaurian evolution and diversity. Discovery and collection; reconstruction of anatomy, behavior, physiology, and habitats; origin, evolutionary radiation, and extinction.

01:460:207 Oil and Gold: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly (3) Introduction to the geologic setting and origin of the Earth's natural resources. Topics include the exploitation of energy resources (oil and gas) and metallic and nonmetallic deposits and its impact on society.

01:460:208 The Last 11,000 Years (3) Geologic events since the last ice age. Sea-level changes, volcanism, earthquakes, climatic change, erosional and depositional effects. Ancient record of events, myths.

01:460:210 Rocks and Minerals (3) Systematics of rock-forming minerals. Description, geologic setting, and origin of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks.
Lec. and lab 3 hrs.

01:460:212 Earth and Life through Time (3) Relationship between the development of continents and oceans, changes in sedimentary environments, and the evolution of life through time. Designed for nonmajors. Credit not given for both this course and 01:460:102.

01:460:222 Mars: The Next Frontier (3) Mars observations test models of evolution of planet and the potential for life beyond the Earth. The prospect of human habitation on our neighbor Mars. Older ideas and modern models of the planets in the context of over 40 missions to Mars and evidence from known Martian meteorites.

01:460:224 Geology of the Moons and Planets (3) Formation and evolution of the solar system and the solid objects in it as constrained by both astronomical evidence of stellar/planetary evolution and by direct observations of meteorites and from missions to planets and other bodies. The concept of the "habitable zone" exoplanets around other stars compared to our local planets.

01:460:301 Mineralogy (4) Chemistry, crystal structure, optical properties of minerals, and minerals as records of processes that shaped the Earth and extraterrestrial bodies. Laboratory: identification of minerals in hand specimen, thin section, electron microprobe, and scanning electron microscope.
Lec. 3 hrs., lab. 3 hrs. Field trips. Prerequisites: 01:160:161, 01:460:101. Credit not given for both this course and 01:460:210.

01:460:302 Petrology (4) Origin of Earth's crust and mantle through the study of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. Laboratory: hand specimens and thin sections of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Lec. 3 hrs., lab. 3 hrs. Prerequisite: 01:460:301. Credit not given for both this course and 01:460:210.

01:460:303 Paleontology (4) Principles of paleobiology and phylogenetic systematics. Phylogenetic and mathematical analyses of the Earth's fossil record. Laboratory study of invertebrate fossils. Field trips to examine fossil-bearing rock formations.
Lec. 3 hrs., lab. 3 hrs. Prerequisite: 01:460:101.

01:460:304 Introduction to Geochemistry (4) Low- and high-temperature geochemistry, element distribution, geochemical structure of the Earth. Laboratory exercises include sample materials, preparation techniques, mass spectrometry, data collection, reduction, and interpretation. Prerequisites: 01:460:101, 01:160:161.

01:460:305 Evolution and Geologic Time (3) Major events in the evolution of life on Earth; evolutionary pattern and process through geologic time; relationship of macro- and microevolutionary theory. Prerequisite: 01:460:101.

01:460:306 Introduction to Geophysics (4) Principles of subsurface exploration using seismic waves, gravity and magnetic fields, electric currents and electromagnetic waves. Applications to problems on scales from global to local. Practical training in executing local geophysical surveys (seismic, electric, magnetic).
Prerequisites: 01:460:101, 01:750:203.

01:460:330 Sedimentary Geology (4) The origin of sediments and sedimentary rocks, with emphasis on processes in recent sedimentary environments and their ancient analogs; their distribution in time and space and principles of correlation. Interpretation of the roles of climate, sea level, and tectonics on the stratigraphic record. Lec. 3 hrs., lab. 3 hrs. Field trips. Prerequisite: 01:460:301.

01:460:355,356 Geology Colloquium (1,1) Current research in geological sciences. Lec. and discussions 1 hr. For geological sciences majors only.

01:460:394 Geological Context (3) Field and laboratory studies of geological context in archaeological sites. Data collection and sampling, sediment analysis, and reporting. Interpretation of depositional and postdepositional features. Recommended prerequisite: 01:460:330. Credit not given for both this course and 01:070:394.

01:460:396 Geochronology in Geosciences and Anthropology (3) Isotopic, astronomical, and paleomagnetic dating techniques in geology and anthropology. Prerequisite: 01:460:101.

01:460:401 Introduction to Geochemistry (4) Application of chemical principles and techniques to geologic problems. Geochemical structure of the Earth, element distribution, Eh-ph diagrams, and phase-equilibrium diagrams. Prerequisite: 01:460:301.

01:460:402 Ore Deposits (3) Geochemistry, mineralogy, and origin of ore deposits. Physical-chemical, ore-forming processes and their relation to geologic environment. Prerequisite: 01:460:302.

01:460:407 Structural Geology and Geologic Maps (4) Geometry and origin of brittle and ductile structures; stress, strain, rheology, and deformation mechanisms; geologic maps and cross sections; introduction to tectonics and regional structural geology.
Lec. 3 hrs., lab. 3 hrs. Field trips. Prerequisite: 01:460:330. Pre- or corequisite: 01:460:CALC1.

01:460:408 Geomorphology (3) Application of Earth system science to understanding the evolution of landforms and landscapes on the Earth's surface. Lec. 3 hrs. Prerequisite: 01:460:101 or equivalent.

01:460:410 Field Geology (3) Methodology of field investigations: pace and compass; aerial photo and topographic mapping; construction of geological maps and cross sections; interpretations of seismic profiles; preparation of written reports. Lec. 1 hr., lab. 6 hrs. Prerequisite: 01:460:407 or permission of instructor. Satisfies field requirement.

01:460:411 Geological Field Methods (2) Introduction to geological mapping and related field investigations; surveying methods; construction of geological maps, stratigraphic sections, and cross sections; interpretation of seismic reflection profiles; computer applications; preparation of written reports. Pre- or corequisites: 01:460:407 and 330. Course does not satisfy the field requirement.

01:460:414 Hydrologic Processes (3) Introduction to physical principles of water cycling through the Earth's atmosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere, with emphasis on water storage, flux, and flow pathways among the various reservoirs near the land surface. Prerequisites: 01:640:CALC2 Calculus (4) or equivalent, and 01:750:204 General Physics (3) or equivalent, or permission of the instructor.

01:460:417 Environmental Geochemistry (3) Distribution of elements in the sedimentary environment; behavior of trace metals in sediments and waters. Pre- or corequisites: 01:160:162, 01:460:101.

01:460:418 Geological Modeling (3) Computer techniques for collection, processing, interpretation, and presentation of geological and geophysical data. Computer-based modeling exercises in geologic and geophysical exploration and environment assessment. Pre- or corequisite: 01:460:301 or 303 or 340.

01:460:428 Hydrogeology (3) Introduction to physical and chemical principles of fluid flow and mass transport through geologic media, with emphasis on quantitative characterization of groundwater systems. Prerequisites: 01:640:CALC2, 01:750:204, and 01:460:101; or permission of instructor.

01:460:429 Tectonics and Regional Structural Geology (3) Theories of tectonics, regional tectonostratigraphic analysis, development of the Earth's Phanerozoic orogens. Prerequisite: 01:460:307.

01:460:434 The Quaternary Period (3) Explores the history of Earth over the last two million years during times of global climate change, sea-level fluctuations, migrations of plant and animal communities, extinctions, and evolution of humans. Lec. 3 hrs., field trips. Prerequisite: 01:460:101 or equivalent.

01:460:451 Marine Geology (3) Structure and oceanographic setting, marine sediments, evolution of ocean basins and margins. Prerequisite: 01:460:341.

01:460:453 Paleoecology (3) Evolution in an ecological context: analysis of ancient living systems; evolution of marine ecosystems in geologic time. Prerequisites: 01:460:303 and 341, or permission of instructor.

01:460:454 Micropaleontology (3) Studies of foraminifera, calcareous nannoplankton, and siliceous microplankton emphasizing stratigraphic, paleoecologic, and paleoceanographic utility.

01:460:476 History of the Earth System (3) Earth as an evolving physical/biological system, including physical and biogeochemical processes whose interactions have shaped Earth's environment over geologic time. Pre- or corequisites: Any three of 01:119:102 or 116, 01:160:162, 01:460:101, 01:750:204, or permission of instructor.

01:460:480 Major Events in Earth History (3) History of the solid Earth, oceans, atmosphere, and life over the past >4.5 billion years as narrated by major events in the geological record. Prerequisites: All courses for earth and planetary sciences majors in their senior year, or by special permission.

01:460:493,494 Independent Studies in Geology (1-3,1-3) Topic of study chosen in consultation with a faculty adviser. Prerequisites: Minimum 3.0 cumulative and geology grade-point averages. Adviser's approval required for registration. Credits by arrangement.

01:460:495-496 Honors in Geology (3,3) Research project chosen in consultation with a faculty adviser. Both semesters must be completed to receive credit. See section on departmental honors program for registration requirements.