16:730:501 Survey in Epistemology (3) A survey of central work in epistemology, including rival theories of justification and knowledge and responses to skepticism.

16:730:502 Survey in Philosophy of Metaphysics (3) A survey of central issues in metaphysics, including ontological commitment, realism versus nominalism about abstract objects, modality, causation, and laws of nature.

16:730:503 Survey in Value Theory (3) A survey of central work in ethics, social, and political philosophy. Topics include virtue theory, Kant, utilitarianism, consequentialism, nonnaturalism, emotivism, antirealism, justice as fairness, rights, and liberalism.

16:730:504 Survey in Philosophy of Science and Decision Theory (3) A survey of central work in philosophy of science and decision theory. Topics include confirmation theory, scientific explanation, scientific realism, Bayesian decision theory, representation theorems, and game theory.

16:730:505 Survey in Philosophy of Mind (3) A survey of central work in philosophy of mind. Topics include physicalism, functionalism, intentionality, language of thought, consciousness, and qualia.

16:730:506 Survey in Philosophy of Language (3) A survey of central work in philosophy of language. Topics include theories of reference and theories of meaning.

16:730:510 (F) Mathematical Logic (3) Introduction to the basic results of mathematical logic, including completeness, indecidability, and Godel's theorems.

16:730:513 (F) Logic and Natural Language (3) Logic as a tool in the semantic analysis of natural language; relation between symbolic and natural languages. Prerequisite: 16:730:510.

16:730:520 Seminar in Plato (3) Study of representative works from the main periods of Plato's thought.

16:730:521 Seminar in Aristotle (3) Study of some main works of central importance in the Aristotelian Corpus.

16:730:526 Seminar in Medieval Philosophy (3) Medieval metaphysics; philosophy of nature and epistemology; time and eternity; the infinite; creation; causality; and scepticism.

16:730:530 Seminar in 17th-Century Philosophy (3) Examination of a major philosopher, work, or topic of the period. Emphasis on metaphysics and epistemology; connections with other problems in philosophy and the natural sciences.

16:730:533 Seminar in 18th-Century Philosophy (3) Examination of a major philosopher, work, or topic of the period. Emphasis on metaphysics and epistemology; connections with other problems in philosophy and the natural sciences.

16:730:550 Seminar in Epistemology (3) Nature of justification, belief, and truth; rival accounts of knowledge; traditional and contemporary perspectives on empiricism, rationalism and pragmaticism, and skepticism.

16:730:553 Seminar in Metaphysics (3) The problem of universals. Concepts of the infinite, time, causality, notions of possibility and necessity, and counterfactuals.

16:730:556 Seminar in Philosophy of Science (3) Philosophical problems connected with modern science.

16:730:570 Seminar in Philosophy of Language (3) The nature and varieties of linguistic meaning; signs and symbols; speech acts criteria of meaningfulness.

16:730:575 Seminar in Philosophy of Mind (3) Contemporary discussions of cognitive and noncognitive mental activities and their influences on behavior; analyses of self-knowledge and self-deception; theories of mind-body identity.

16:730:580 Seminar in Ethics (3) Typically concerned with several philosophers (e.g., Aristotle, Hume, Kant, Mill) or problems, such as rights, justice, virtue, relativism, nihilism, and utilitarianism.

16:730:583 Seminar in Social and Political Philosophy (3) Some recent philosophical theories and their relevance to contemporary issues in social science and politics.

16:730:585 Seminar in Philosophy of Law (3) The concept of law and criteria of legal validity. Relation of these issues to questions of political obligation and the limits of judicial discretion.

16:730:590 Seminar in Aesthetics (3) Study of representation, interpretation, and evaluation. The definition and the ontology of art; expressive properties, artistic qualities, and metaphorical expressions.

16:730:595 Proseminar in Philosophy (3) Episodes in the history of analytic philosophy as background to several important contemporary debates; widely used conceptual tools and argumentative strategies.

16:730:601,602 Special Studies in Philosophy (BA,BA)

16:730:620 Advanced Topics in Plato (3) Intensive study of selected dialogues or topics in Plato's philosophy.

16:730:621 Advanced Topics in Aristotle (3) Intensive study of selected works or topics in Aristotle's philosophy.

16:730:624 Advanced Topics in Ancient Philosophy (3) Detailed examination of selected central issues or writers, such as Parmenides and the early pluralists, theories of language, early Stoics, and Ancient Scepticism.

16:730:626 Advanced Topics in Medieval Philosophy (3) Detailed examination of selected central topics in metaphysics, philosophy of nature, and epistemology. Readings in translations from original sources.

16:730:630 Advanced Topics in 17th-Century Philosophy (3) Detailed examination of a problem, such as Descartes' theory of method, Spinoza's doctrine of substance and attributes, or controversies about the nature of time and space.

16:730:633 Advanced Topics in 18th-Century Philosophy (3) Detailed examination of a problem (e.g., Berkeley's and Hume's attack on abstract ideas, Kant's refutation of idealism, issues in the theory of perception).

16:730:636 Advanced Topics in 19th-Century Philosophy (3) Post-Kantian philosophy from Fichte to Nietzsche. The new social sciences; theories of interpretation; anticipations of 20th-century philosophy.

16:730:640 Advanced Topics in American Philosophy (3) Examination of major American philosophers (e.g., Peirce, James, Royce) or movements (e.g., pragmatism, the "New Realists").

16:730:648 Advanced Topics in Analytic Philosophy (3) Writings of such authors as Russell, Moore, Carnap, Wittgenstein, Ryle, and Strawson.

16:730:650 Advanced Topics in Epistemology (3) Detailed examination of selected central issues or writers, such as scepticism, causal theories of perception and knowledge, epistemic rationality, and Wittgenstein's On Certainty.

16:730:653 Advanced Topics in Metaphysics (3) Intensive examination of one or two selected issues in contemporary�metaphysics.

16:730:656 Advanced Topics in Philosophy of Science (3) Intensive examination of one or two selected issues in contemporary�philosophy of science.

16:730:658 Advanced Topics in Philosophy of Physics (3) Philosophical issues related to particular areas of both classical and modern physics. Discussions of relativity and quantum theory.

16:730:664 Advanced Topics in Philosophy of Social Science (3) Intensive examination of one or two selected issues in contemporary philosophy of social science.

16:730:667 Advanced Topics in Philosophy of History (3) Conceptions of historical knowledge from the early 19th century to the present; explanation and understanding; narration and description in historical writings; limits of historical understanding.

16:730:670 Advanced Topics in Philosophy of Language (3) Intensive examination of one or two selected issues in contemporary philosophy of language.

16:730:675 Advanced Topics in Philosophy of Mind (3) Intensive examination of one or two selected issues in contemporary philosophy of mind.

16:730:676 Advanced Topics in Philosophy of Psychology (3) Examination of selected topics in the philosophy of psychology, focusing especially on issues in the foundations of cognitive/computational psychology. Topics include representationalism, learnability theory, and the innateness controversy.

16:730:678 Advanced Topics in Decision Theory (3) The logic of choice and of action; valuation and probability; risk and uncertainty; coherence and rationality. Survey of current theories and of outstanding problems.

16:730:679 Topics in Logic (3) Survey of a variety of topics in logic.

16:730:680 Advanced Topics in Ethics (3) Intensive examination of one or two selected issues in contemporary ethics.

16:730:683 Advanced Topics in Social and Political Philosophy (3) Intensive examination of one or two selected issues in contemporary social and political philosophy.

16:730:685 Advanced Topics in Philosophy of Law (3) Limits of state authority in the context of criminal law. Conduct beyond criminal sanction. Discussions of paternalism, obscenity, negligence, strict liability, mistake, excuses, justifications, and harm.

16:730:690 Advanced Topics in Aesthetics (3) Study of representation, interpretation, and evaluation. The definition and ontology of art; expressive properties, artistic qualities, and metaphorical expressions.

16:730:691 Third-Year Seminar in Philosophy (3) Teaches graduate students how to write clear, concise, and tightly-argued papers that are publishable in a leading peer-reviewed journal. Focused around rigorous and critical feedback on papers written by the graduate students in the seminar.

16:730:693 Advanced Topics in Philosophy of Religion (3) Detailed examination of a problem in contemporary literature, such as divine omniscience, religion and morality, problem of evil, and the nature of religious belief.

16:730:695 Dissertation Seminar (3) Advanced seminar in which students present their dissertation research. Open only to upper-level Ph.D. students in philosophy.

16:730:701,702 Research in Philosophy (BA,BA)